Scientific paper ID 2237 : 2022/3

One of the main aims of the rolling stock of the Bulgarian State Railways is to increase its operational reliability. From the operational experience in the repair of the rolling stock, we concluded that in the existing methods of operation and repair is inefficient. After a certain period of time, the wagons enter for scheduled repairs, without taking into account their actual technical condition. This prevents the operation of the wagons although they still have a resource before entering for scheduled repairs. The increase of the economic efficiency in the operation of the rolling stock can be achieved by using the method for replacement and repair of the units and aggregates according to their actual technical condition. This will allow them to continue to be in operation after the expiration of their designated resource, taking into account their actual technical condition. Axle roller bearings largely determine the performance of rolling stock. It is known that their failures in operation lead to emergencies. This necessitates the need to find such methods and means that would allow with little loss of time and with the necessary accuracy to diagnose the elements of the axle roller bearings in order to determine their current technical condition when entering for scheduled repairs and system implementation. for the sequence of their repair.