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Научен доклад ID 2225 : 2022/3
ARE THE ELECTRIC CARS ENVIRONMENTALLY AND FINANCIALLY FRIENDLY SOLUTIONS? A YEAR AND A HALF LATER
Zoran Čekerevac, Zdenek Dvorak, Lyudmila Prigoda The article analysis the justification for the substitution of internal combustion engines with electric motors for driving motor vehicles from the ecological and economic aspects. The authors compared the situation in Europe with the USA and several other countries placing specific emphasis on CO2 emissions and the sources of emissions. In addition to CO2 emissions caused by transport, the authors also considered other impacts. The situation in 2022 was specific in everything. The COVID-19 pandemic consequences, rising inflation, the war in Ukraine, and the related sanctions imposed by the EU and the USA on Russia are intertwined. The authors intend to determine the share of pollution from passenger vehicles in the total harmful emission. In the chapter Sources of CO2 emissions, they also considered the impacts of forest fires, volcanoes, ruminant cultivation, and emissions of harmful gases because of wars. In the final part of the paper, the authors concluded that using electric propulsion in passenger cars is still impractical because the electric propulsion technology has not yet reached a mature phase. It would be more environmentally friendly to replace vehicles with old internal combustion engines with modern ones. The authors especially emphasize the importance of creating a new comprehensive strategy that would educating the population on the economical use of available resources.
electric car passenger vehicle motor vehicle carbon dioxide environment emission alternative fuels.electric car passenger vehicle motor vehicle carbon dioxide environment emission alternative fuels.Zoran Čekerevac Zdenek Dvorak Lyudmila Prigoda BIBLIOGRAPHY [1] Z. Cekerevac, Z. Dvorak and L. Prigoda, ”Are Electric Cars Now an Environmentally Friendly Solution? Yes, and No!,” Mechanics, Transport, Communications, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 0-11 to 0-20, 2021. [2] Z. Čekerevac, Z. Dvorak and L. Prigoda, ”Electric or Internal Combustion Engines for Passenger Cars? – Environmental and Economic Aspects,” Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina, pp. B49-B58, 2022. [3] M. Held, N. Rosat, G. Georges, H. Pengg and K. Boulouchos, ”Lifespans of passenger cars in Europe: empirical modelling of fleet turnover dynamics,” European Transport Research Review, vol. 13, no. 9, 2021. [4] D. Castelvecchi, ”Electric cars and batteries: how will the world produce enough?,” 17 Aug 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-... [5] acea, ”current production of electricity in the EU,” 19 Jan 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.acea.auto/publication/report-ve... [6] BizPortal, ”POLOVINA AUTOMOBILA PLAĆENA KEŠOM,” 20 May 2022. [Online]. Available: https://bizportal.rs/lifebiz/auto/polovina-... [7] C. Moore, ”EU-27 Power Sector in 2021,” 01 Feb 2022. [Online]. Available: https://ember-climate.org/insights/research... [8] EC, ”Fuel prices archive by country,” 11 May 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.fuel-prices.eu/archive/11-05-20... [9] EC, ”Fuel prices archive by country,” 30 May 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.fuel-prices.eu/archive/30-05-20... [10] N. Soennichsen, ”Diesel fuel prices in Germany 2000-2021,” 05 Apr 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/603701/... [11] Eurostat, ”Electricity prices in Europe - Who pays the most?,” 15 Jul 2021. [Online]. Available: https://strom-report.de/electricity-prices-... [12] J. Petrović-Stojanović, ”Nižu cenu kilovata od nas ima samo Kijev,” 14 Aug 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.politika.rs/sr/clanak/460396/Ek... [13] eurostat, ”Electricity price statistics,” Apr 2022. [Online]. Available: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-ex... [14] S. Díaz, Ed., European Vehicle Market Statistics - Pocketbook 2021/22, Berlin: ICCT Europe, 2021. [15] U. Tietge, P. Mock, S. Díaz and J. Dornoff, ”CO2 emissions from new passenger cars in Europe: Car manufacturers’ performance in 2020,” 31 Aug 2021. [Online]. Available: https://theicct.org/publications/eu-co2-pvs... [16] EEA, ”Change in distance travelled by car,” Nov 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.odyssee-mure.eu/publications/ef... [17] Enerdata, ”Global Energy Trends - 2021 Edition,” 2021. [Online]. Available: https://yearbook.enerdata.net/electricity/w... [18] Z. Čekerevac, L. Prigoda, and M. Bogavac, ”IoT application in smart cities with an accent on traffic and transportation,” in Economic security in the context of sustainable development - Information Security, Moldova: Chisinau, 2020. [19] B. Berwyn, ”How Wildfires Can Affect Climate Change (and Vice Versa),” 2018 Aug 2018. [Online]. Available: https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23082018... [20] Volcano Hazards, ”Volcanic gases can be harmful to health, vegetation, and infrastructure,” n.d.. [Online]. Available: https://www.usgs.gov/programs/VHP/volcanic-... [Accessed 16 06 2022]. [21] A. Quinton, ”Cows and climate change,” 27 Jun 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.ucdavis.edu/food/news/making-ca... [22] A. Robock, ”Did Smoke From City Fires in World War II Cause Global Cooling?,” 31 Aug 2018. [Online]. Available: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi... /10.1029/2018JD028922. [23] iea, ”Global Energy Review: CO2 Emissions in 2021,” Mar 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-r... [24] Z. Liu, Z. Deng, S. J. Davis, C. Giron, and P. Ciais, ”Monitoring global carbon emissions in 2021,” Nature Reviews Earth & Environment volume, no. 3, p. 217–219, 2022. [25] Tanjug, ”Eksplozija u ilegalnom skladištu nafte,” 23 04 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.blic.rs/vesti/svet/ekslozija-u-... [26] Z. Nježić and M. Ačanski, Da se ne zaboravi: bombardovanje Novog Sada - ekološka crna tačka, Novi Sad: Institut za prehrambene tehnologije, Tehnološki fakultet, 2009. [27] S. Bakrač, E. Klem and M. Milanović, ”Ekološke posledice NATO bombardovanja Republike Srbije 1999. godine,” Vojno delo, pp. 475-492, 2018. [28] EPA, ”Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Typical Passenger Vehicle,” 21 Jul 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/greenhous... |