Scientific paper ID 2695 : 2025/4

Noise pollution is defined as unwanted or harmful sound originating from anthropogenic (human) activities — road, rail and air traffic, industrial activity, construction, etc. For example, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), noise “has become an important environmental risk factor in the European Region.” In large cities, the presence of constant, high-intensity noise poses a serious problem for the quality of life — it disrupts sleep, rest, learning, communication and can lead to a number of physiological and psychological effects. This problem is gaining increasing importance, as modern studies show that impacts occur at lower noise levels than previously assumed. The aim of the article is to summarize the existing evidence on the impact of noise pollution on human health and on ecosystems, as well as to present solutions and mitigation measures.