Scientific paper ID 2685 : 2025/4

The metro trains on Metro Line 1 of the Sofia Metro are controlled manually, which means that the control over the traction and braking force is entirely in the hands of the driver. This manual control differs significantly from automated systems and increases the role of the human factor, which can lead to higher electricity consumption. The psychological state, qualification, education, and work experience of the driver are of particular importance for the efficiency of the control. The efficiency of braking is also of key importance for energy optimization, especially in systems with energy recuperation. During recuperation, the kinetic energy from the train`s movement is converted back into electrical energy during braking and is returned to the grid. Qualified drivers are trained to use this system more effectively, thereby minimizing energy losses and reducing overall consumption. This report analyzes the qualification and level of education of 10 metro drivers to investigate the influence of these factors on energy efficiency. The results of this analysis are presented in the following sections, focusing on the relationship between the driver`s skills and electricity consumption.